This volume is the proceedings of an international symposium on the subject of Disease in the Ancient World, is based on a collaboration between the Universities of Oxford and Salzburg, aimed at understanding the role of disease and epidemics in the ancient world and brings together ancient historians, classicists, archaeologists, archaeological scientists and many others who are interested in the subject. It also explores the creation of interdisciplinary methodologies that will help us In the future to understand the complexities of disease transmission and explain the long-term effects on health and social change. Papers range from earliest prehistory to the late antique and include the latest work from early pandemics to occupational health.