The economic systems developed in Aboriginal Australia over at least 40,000 years have been the subject of an information explosion in the last 20 years. New scholarship and new scientific techniques are employed by Tony Dingle, Senior Lecturer in Economic History, Monash University, to present evidence for a dynamically evolving culture. He describes a people whose sophisticated management of their resources, including cooperative labour and new technologies, allowed intensive systems of food production capable of supporting an increasing population and alliances with larger groups.